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Longquan celadon in shape, the roasting process has made significant achievements, breadth of products that a lot of ambitious, large vase nearly three feet high, large porcelaindiameter more than the production of structured, that does not come from the kilns deformation, impeccable smooth glazed . At that time, the prevalence of zoned flowers, printing, decals, heap of flowers, engrave hole, point color, such as for decorative techniques.
This period, Fujian Dehua porcelain, the Department of Tong39an zoned kiln grate spent celadon pattern developed quickly, of Quanzhou port and the opening up of overseas trade played a good role.
Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shandong and other provinces of black porcelain, white glaze and porcelain flowers, cold glazed pottery have also been developed to varying degrees.
Yuan Dynasty porcelain common characteristics of the times, the shapes simple and honest magnificent and decorative arts in addition to carrying forward the tradition of the designated flower, engraving, printing, sculpture, the glaze color, color art underglazed over the Song Dynasty. In terms of the painting, rich in content, in a selection of works, vines, banana leaves, chrysanthemum, lotus, sunflower, water, sea borders and other content to convective, miscellaneous Bao, Peony embellishment or fill the gaps. The choice of theme decorations and more peonies, banana, fruits, demersum, Yunlong,, Lianchi Mandarin, Lotus Bird, Gusong bamboo, Sanyoucharacters stories, myths, etc. themes. Colorful porcelain decorative element for the application of the Ming Dynasty porcelain decorative painting opens up broad prospects.
Second, the Ming dynasty of the great achievements of ceramic art
farmers after the war, the emperor in the Ming Dynasty was established in 1368. In the Ming Dynasty, Jingdezhen became the center of Chinese porcelain production. The so-called Ming Dynasty, to the essence of porcelain to the United States, perhaps because of Jingdezhen. The success of the Ming dynasty porcelain of the points can be summarized as follows
1. More than the achievements of white porcelain dynasty ever. Yongle periodJingdezhen porcelain factory production, fetal Run a thin glaze, white right, looks pleasing and soft, it referred to as the sweet white glaze. It praised the white Xuande period as a heapsuch as fat, such as light-Ying Mei-yu , Jiajing white miscellaneous non-pure white Wanli crisp bright and so on. Ancient connoisseur39s praise of the language is often the finishing touch.
2. Blue and white porcelain production devices become mainstream, in the south all over, especially in coastal areas, widely developed. Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces have a large production. Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province for the best of the blue. Jingdezhen blue and white in various different times with different style. Wing-lok, Xuande blue did not open the odd generation. Green materials imported by the Persian Su Qing Bo mud , the issue of dark blue green color, vigorous Mingyan.patterns such as use of traditional Chinese painting in the, strength coordination, vivid natural. Chenghua period, elegant blue cobalt blue and white devices, the performance of fine line patterns, such as Chinese painting, like the Painting. Jiajing blue, cobalt blue color of a very thick, blue purple in the pan. Wanli blue beyond, a quiet light gray color. These successes, not only the supply of court use and domestic sales, but also exported to various countries, has become the treasures of ancient art.
3. A highly successful red glaze and underglaze red. Red glaze porcelain of the Ming Dynasty as bright as the ruby Runze, known as the red gemstone. It is equipped with metal copper into the glaze, the green glaze hanging, after a clever reduction flame roasting, metal colloidal particles of copper glaze to play a role in the results. Deep red glaze color stability of the Ming Dynasty, the glaze does not flow, not from the glaze, glitter.
Excellent level of the Ming Dynasty underglaze red. Some underglazed appear in a variety of red flowers, some in the condensate with a thick white glaze in a decent way to point out a few fish shadow, after firing a few fish in the water like in the quiet hours when the implicit is swimming up and down .
4. Yellow porcelain high achievement. Koji period of the Ming Dynasty porcelain Yellow sunflower as the beginning of open, delicate crystal. Yellow is used with lead-antimony, and to join with zinc oxide, iron oxide, tin oxide, lead oxide, aluminum nitrate match a variety of materials, pouring the fine white porcelain in the kiln, and with the oxidation of low-temperature burning flame, color moisten and smooth, very attractive.
5. Porcelain varieties mentioned above are in the succession of the previous generation technology based on the achievements and further developed. In addition there are many innovations, such as the early Ming blue and white red color, invented during the fight Xuande color, colorful, Jiajing after three prime color are the new invention, a high level. Is to fight the so-called color underglazed At the same time, color and glaze color combination. Is a colorful multi-color words are not specifically refer to five colors. On behalf of the Ming dynasty in the former firing ceramic craftsmen, based on a set of master GLAZE burn a variety of experiences, making the ceramic technology of the Ming Dynasty reached an unprecedented level.
Ming Dynasty Porcelain in the system, at the same timeGUANYAO and development. Jingdezhen, the imperial court set up in the Royal Arsenal , under the jurisdiction of dozens of official kiln factory for the imperial fine porcelain firing. Guan regardless of the cost to exquisite porcelain, so little production. Where the official kiln produced porcelain, above all knowledge at the time of the reign title paragraph.
Mingcapacity, production and more sophisticated porcelain production only for the host to chloe enjoy the upper bureaucracy, but also the lower middle class people in generalfor everyday use.
Third, the height of the Qing Dynasty porcelain technology development and the decline of